Warning
This documentation is for an old version of Cantera. You can find docs for newer versions here.
"""
A simplistic approach to mechanism reduction which demonstrates Cantera's
features for dynamically manipulating chemical mechanisms.
Here, we use the full GRI 3.0 mechanism to simulate adiabatic, constant pressure
ignition of a lean methane/air mixture. We track the maximum reaction rates for
each reaction to determine which reactions are the most important, according to
a simple metric based on the relative net reaction rate.
We then create a sequence of reduced mechanisms including only the top reactions
and the associated species, and run the simulations again with these mechanisms
to see whether the reduced mechanisms with a certain number of species are able
to adequately simulate the ignition delay problem.
"""
import cantera as ct
import numpy as np
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
gas = ct.Solution('gri30.xml')
initial_state = 1200, 5 * ct.one_atm, 'CH4:0.35, O2:1.0, N2:3.76'
# Run a simulation with the full mechanism
gas.TPX = initial_state
r = ct.IdealGasConstPressureReactor(gas)
sim = ct.ReactorNet([r])
tt = []
TT = []
t = 0.0
# Rmax is the maximum relative reaction rate at any timestep
Rmax = np.zeros(gas.n_reactions)
while t < 0.02:
t = sim.step(1.0)
tt.append(1000 * t)
TT.append(r.T)
rnet = abs(gas.net_rates_of_progress)
rnet /= max(rnet)
Rmax = np.maximum(Rmax, rnet)
plt.plot(tt, TT, label='K=53, R=325', color='k', lw=3, zorder=100)
# Get the reaction objects, and sort them so the most active reactions are first
R = sorted(zip(Rmax, gas.reactions()), key=lambda x: -x[0])
# Test reduced mechanisms with different numbers of reactions
C = plt.cm.winter(np.linspace(0,1,5))
for i,N in enumerate([40,50,60,70,80]):
# Get the N most active reactions
reactions = [r[1] for r in R[:N]]
# find the species involved in these reactions. At a minimum, include all
# species in the reactant mixture
species_names = {'N2', 'CH4', 'O2'}
for reaction in reactions:
species_names.update(reaction.reactants)
species_names.update(reaction.products)
# Get the species objects
species = [gas.species(name) for name in species_names]
# create the new reduced mechanism
gas2 = ct.Solution(thermo='IdealGas', kinetics='GasKinetics',
species=species, reactions=reactions)
# Re-run the ignition problem with the reduced mechanism
gas2.TPX = initial_state
r = ct.IdealGasConstPressureReactor(gas2)
sim = ct.ReactorNet([r])
t = 0.0
tt = []
TT = []
while t < 0.02:
t = sim.step(1.0)
tt.append(1000 * t)
TT.append(r.T)
plt.plot(tt,TT, lw=2, color=C[i],
label='K={0}, R={1}'.format(gas2.n_species, N))
plt.xlabel('Time (ms)')
plt.ylabel('Temperature (K)')
plt.legend(loc='upper left')
plt.title('Reduced mechanism ignition delay times\n'
'K: number of species; R: number of reactions')
plt.xlim(0, 20)
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()